We plant grape cuttings in the spring - we increase the grape garden

In order for the grapes to take root and give a good harvest over time, it is important not only the planting site, proper care, but also the optimal time for planting cuttings. Before planting grapes in the spring, you should study the peculiarity of the selected variety, since the dormant period for each plant may differ. However, along with this, planting seedlings in spring has more significant advantages over planting at other times.

Benefits of spring planting

Planting grapes in spring allows you to prepare a planting plan in advance, in detail and slowly, order the necessary seedlings and study in more detail the question of how to plant grapes in spring correctly. In addition, before spring, you can more carefully prepare the planting pit, bring the site into proper form and purchase the missing and necessary materials and tools. Since in the pits prepared just before planting, the soil should be well compacted, which will be below the root system, in order to avoid detachment of the roots. And cuttings, planted in cold ground, root very poorly and lag behind in development.

The undoubted advantage of spring planting is the safety of cuttings. There will be no need to worry about possible frost breaks, the harm that hares or shameless people can cause, just pulling out a freshly planted seedling. Planting in the spring not only guarantees the survival of the grapes, subject to abundant watering, but also shortens the growing season. That is, when planting grapes in the spring, fruiting occurs a year earlier, while planting in the fall, the fruiting shifts by one season.

In order for the grapes to take root and develop the root system for normal, safe wintering, they are planted as soon as the condition of the soil allows, but no later than May 5-15. Later disembarkation is undesirable and requires a lot of care.

Grape planting scheme

Material preparation

The lifespan and yield of a grape bush depends on the composition of the soil and the place of planting. Preference should be given to loamy and sandy loam soils. With good preparation of ditches and holes, grapes can be successfully grown on low-humus shallow sandy soils. Highly calcareous or saline areas with swampy and stagnant water, close to drains, should be avoided. The ideal planting sites are old pits, covered with soil with deep bulk soil, sites of former buildings with admixtures of construction waste, decomposed organic residues, sand and stony debris.

Cuttings for spring planting are prepared even during autumn pruning. Removing unnecessary branches, shoots with a diameter of at least 5-12 mm are left as a cutting, which are cut off the middle part of the fruit arrow or onto a replacement knot. All leaves, shoots, antennae, unripe tops and stepsons are removed from the branch. Each cutting is cut, leaving no more than 4-5 buds. 2.5-3 cm recede from the upper kidney upwards and the cutting is cut off the floor at an angle with an inclination from the peephole, the lower part is cut in a straight line under the lower peephole. To improve root formation, 3-4 vertical strips 2.5-4 cm long to the bast are carefully made on the lower part of the cutting with a knife or needle.

Prepared cuttings are tied in bunches and marked in accordance with the variety. To increase the physiological humidity, the bundles are placed in a container with warm water for a day, and then etched with a 5% solution of copper sulfate and dried.After that, the cuttings are wrapped in a tight plastic bag or film and stored in a cool place in the basement, cellar or refrigerator until disembarking. During the winter, lying cuttings should be examined several times, mucus, mold or whitish deposits should be removed and turned over to the other side.

Landing technique

12-15 days before planting, the quality of the seedlings is checked - their root on the cut should be light in color, annual shoots should be ripe and have a light green color on the cut. When lightly pressing the pruner on the eyes, they should not fall off. Immediately before planting, the grapes are soaked in clean water for 15-20 hours, annual shoots are cut off, leaving 2-4 eyes. On the lower nodes, the roots are refreshed, and on the upper ones, they are completely removed. For the prevention of fungal diseases, the growth is treated with special preparations without wetting the roots.

To prevent the seedlings from burning in the sun, they should be hardened. To do this, they are kept for 5-7 days under a canopy or in a darkened place, and then 7-10 days in direct sunlight. If the seedlings are vegetative, grown at elevated temperatures and lack of lighting, the acclimatization period should be increased by 1.5-2 times.

For planting in a prepared planting pit with dimensions of 80 cm by 80 cm and a depth of 80-90 cm, a nutritious pillow 20-25 cm high is made at the bottom. For this, fertile soil and 5-8 buckets of humus are mixed. The mixture is slightly compacted. A mixture of mineral fertilizers is poured on top - 2.5-3 liters of wood ash, 250-300 g of potash fertilizers and 250-350 g of superphosphates. After that, it is necessary to mix the fertilizers to a depth of 10-15 cm with the soil and compact it again. Then add a layer of fertile soil without fertilizers and humus, 5-7 cm thick.

As a result, the depth of the pit should be 50-60 cm. In the center of the pit, a mound is made - a heel and a seedling is placed on it, evenly distributing the roots over the cone. Then, before growth, it is covered with fertile soil without fertilizers.

Saplings from cut cuttings are set vertically. If their height exceeds 25-30 cm, then the seedlings are placed obliquely, leaving the base of the growth at a depth of 20-25 cm, and covered with earth. After planting, the depth of the hole should be at least 20-25 cm. The soil in the root zone is slightly compacted and watered abundantly, depending on the moisture content of the soil, 2-4 buckets for each bush. After the top layer dries up, the soil should be loosened by 7-15 cm. After 12-14 days, repeat the watering 2 more times. After the third watering, the soil is loosened shallowly again and mulched with 4-6 cm sawdust. Later, after each watering and heavy rains, the pit must be loosened.

Video "Spring planting of grape cuttings - technology and principles"

This video explains how to plant grapes in spring. The technology of planting, preparation of planting pits, post-planting care and recommendations are given for preparing grapes for wintering.