Superphosphate: fertilizer application and instructions

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Phosphate fertilizer is obtained from naturally occurring minerals or slags that remain after steel production. Pure phosphorus is practically not found, but it appears everywhere as an oxide. Based on the characteristics and properties, it is divided into several subtypes so that gardeners do not get lost and do not harm the plantings, especially grapes and cucumbers during the flowering period.

Monophosphate (simple) - requires a certain ambient humidity, has limited effectiveness. A budget option, especially if you have a large plot. Monophosphate is available as powder or granules. Excellent for podzolic, sandy and suspended soils. Works best with legumes, grains and crucifers. However, it has a beneficial effect on potatoes, beets, turnips, carrots, onions.

Recommended for use on vine plantations. Monophosphate is poorly soluble in water, so watering is impossible. Another way to use: mix it with compost, keeping the proportion - 1: 1000. Monophosphates are best applied during autumn fall plowing or early spring, as a pre-sowing preparation.

Double superphosphate - available in granules, readily soluble in water. Fertilizer is laid in the ground in late autumn or early spring, and after 1-2 times the crops are watered. It is best to use this fertilizer for spring planting by watering a seedling placed in a hole. Since it is not washed out of the ground, the seedlings will receive the necessary support from the very beginning of growth.

Granular superphosphate - available in granules, as the name suggests. A wonderful food for cruciferous plants. Ammonized - has the best solubility. It is used to feed oilseeds, cruciferous plants.

Monophosphate is used together with nitrogen fertilizers, while double and granular fertilizers are best combined with fertilizers with an admixture of potassium. As you can imagine, this fertilizer is best suited for plants that are in dire need of phosphorus and sulfur. Regularly using superphosphate in the garden, over time you will learn how to correctly calculate the amount and frequency of its application.

Video "Application of phosphate fertilizers"

An informative video with expert advice on effective phosphate fertilization.

On what soils to apply

The use of superphosphate is practically not limited to any one type of soil - this makes it an extremely convenient tool for caring for crops. Since phosphorus is not fixed in the soil, the plants in the garden constantly receive it. A good way to avoid waste.

However, there are several types of soil for which it is very desirable to obtain fertilizer - soil that produces an alkaline and neutral reaction. And one for which the introduction of monophosphate is strictly contraindicated is an acidic soil. For such cases, it is better to pay a little more and buy ammoniated phosphate, or at least double.Inexpensive phosphates, when interacting with acidic soil, form iron and aluminum phosphate, but they are not used to feed fertile crops. Simply put - they will not be absorbed, no matter how much you add them.

The use of double and simple phosphates on acidic soil will require preliminary preparation. For 1 sq. m. of land is introduced 200 g of wood ash, thereby lowering the acidity. Remember that after this procedure, you can fertilize the beds only after a month.

If you notice that the leaves have become dark green, with a deep bluish tint, or a rusty tint has appeared, there is an acute lack of phosphorus. A mixture of potassium or sodium monophosphate should be used to restore the ground to working capacity.

Since some of the phosphates are readily soluble in water, their use is absolutely unlimited. Semi-soluble work best in acidic soils. Save the hard-soluble ones for the acidic soil of the non-chernozem zone. Fertilizer is well suited for cucumbers, trees, grapes, as it accelerates their development, increases plant regeneration and the quality of flowering.

Instructions

As already mentioned, fertilization has a positive effect on the growth of cucumbers, grapes, trees. The main thing is to carefully consider the ratio and recommendations for use. The instructions are usually indicated on the packaging, but sometimes it is worth repeating or applying a different method so as not to be mistaken.

In the garden, avoid mixing phosphate fertilizers at the same time with ammonium nitrate, chalk, urea. The interval between uses should last at least a week. The most commonly used infusion of phosphate. The granules are dissolved in water, leaving to infuse for 2-3 days, then the upper part is drained, and the sediment is mixed with compost, which is placed in the hole. The settled water is used for irrigation.

Monophosphate is distributed at the rate of 40-50 g per 1 sq. m. of cultivated land. For those already involved in the cultivation of lands, the dose is slightly higher - 55-70 g. Fertilizing fruit trees requires 500 g of powder per well. The next introduction of phosphate is carried out after the flowering of the tree, through watering the trunk circle.

To fertilize grapes, superphosphate, due to low mobility in the soil, must be applied deep into the ground, closer to the roots, based on the calculation - 35-45 g per sq. m. vineyard. Saturation with phosphorus contributes to the rapid formation of bunches and ripening of grapes. During flowering, it feeds through watering. Top dressing of grapes takes place in several stages.

Foliar application of superphosphate is carried out 10-12 days before flowering in order to reduce shedding of flowers. This method is used on cloudy days so as not to burn the leaves. The following dressings take place as needed. The infusion of phosphate in water provides all the essential nutrients that the grape bunches need after flowering.

The powder is used when planting potatoes and cucumber seedlings, put 3-4 g of phosphate in each well. A little more of it is required to process the beds of cucumbers, tomatoes and potatoes - 20 g per 1 sq. m. mixed with other fertilizers. A way of caring for cucumber beds is foliar feeding, which is carried out several times per season. It is necessary to dissolve 10 g of potassium and 40 g of superphosphate in water (or use an infusion), and then water the cucumbers directly into the hole, trying to get closer to the stem. This solution can be used before and after flowering, enhancing the palatability of plants and their disease resistance. Watering cucumbers is generally a very important step in the care. Instructions for using these types of fertilizers in the country are quite easy to follow: the main thing is not to overdo it with frequency, choose the right mixture for the soil and do not forget about watering the plants.

Video "Review of the best fertilizers with phosphorus"

Video review of the best phosphorus fertilizers, as well as expert advice on their use.