Double superphosphate: application and use of fertilizer

When can I apply

The use of this fertilizer helps to obtain a larger crop in terms of quantity, better in quality, and to shorten its ripening period. In cereals, the protein content increases, and in oilseeds, fat. Its use enhances the vitality of plants, helps them withstand adverse conditions.

Concentrated double superphosphate fertilizer is used throughout the season. In autumn and spring (usually April and September), according to the instructions, the main application is made, in May they are applied simultaneously with sowing and planting, and then they are fed the plants all summer. If the underside of the leaves turns purple instead of green, or the ovaries are very weak and fall off immediately, you need to urgently organize feeding - double superphosphate will help restore the balance of elements, saturate the plant with phosphorus. It also contains nitrogen, sulfur and trace elements, which are easily absorbed by plant roots.

Phosphorus is needed by plants at all stages of life, it is especially in demand by young seedlings, when they grow intensively, gaining green mass. If they do not receive it on time, then they become weak, prone to diseases. It is phosphorus that ensures the flow of energy metabolism in cells, and the soil can only provide 1% of the required amount.

Video "Useful information about phosphate fertilizing"

Informational video in which you can hear useful information and recommendations on the use of phosphorus supplements.

What fertilizer is obtained from

There are 2 known sources of phosphorus - animal bones and phosphorite. Double superphosphate is obtained from phosphorites after the application of phosphoric acid. Sedimentary rock phosphorite is the main natural source of phosphorus for the production of fertilizers. First, phosphoric acid is obtained from phosphorite by treating it with sulfuric acid, then it is brought to a high concentration, and phosphorites are already treated with it. The resulting substance is granulated and dried - this is how a concentrated fertilizer is produced. Phosphorites are ground very finely, thus obtaining phosphorite flour, it is also used in agriculture, but this is a completely different substance, it should not be confused with concentrated fertilizer.

What's in

There are several types of phosphate fertilizers. All of them are made from phosphorites, but differ in their composition. Simple phosphate contains many ballast substances, for example calcium sulfate - this substance allows the use of phosphate in acidic soils, since calcium can deoxidize or neutralize the soil. Superphosphate compares favorably with it by the almost complete absence of ballast substances, which makes it cheaper (less transportation and storage costs). Double superphosphate contains phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur and other trace elements such as copper, iron, zinc, molybdenum, boron, manganese. Fertilizer of grade A and grade B is produced, their difference is in the amount of basic elements (phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur). The formula is the same, but the percentage is different, phosphorus contains 38–46%.

Ammonized superphosphate is a nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, its composition is enhanced by an increased nitrogen content. It is successfully used on chernozem and chestnut soils, in protected ground.Double ammoniated superphosphate is a universal concentrated nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, which contains calcium. Its use enhances recovery processes and normalizes alkaline or saline soils. Phosphorus in the ammoniated fertilizer is not more than 32%, but nitrogen - 10%, and calcium - 14%. It is also obtained from phosphorite.

How to calculate dosage

There is always an instruction on the package, which indicates the dosage of fertilizer for different crops. But you need to pay attention to the characteristics and condition of the soil. If you plan to grow greens and vegetables on the garden bed, then you need to apply 30-40 g of fertilizer for each square meter of the area. But if the land is haggard and poor, then the amount is increased by 20-30%.

It is recommended to apply up to 170 kg per hectare for spring crops, and 120-130 kg for winter crops. For maize, 120–170 kg per hectare are applied. Before digging a site in autumn and spring, you can simply scatter granules - 200-300 kg - per hectare on the surface. But it must be borne in mind that double superphosphate contains acid and is a substance that can increase the acidity of soils. Therefore, on acidic soils, the amount of applied fertilizers should be less than on alkaline ones.

Under each adult fruiting tree in the fall, it is recommended to apply 500 g of fertilizer. The granules are simply poured onto the ground in the trunk circle and dug up. When seedlings are planted and potatoes are planted, 3 g of an agrochemical is poured into each hole.

Recommendations for use

The main application in spring or autumn should be done, according to the instructions, to the depth of the seeds. When the granules are scattered over the surface of the earth, it is assumed that then this earth will be dug up together with fertilizers, because phosphorus is inactive in the soil, it must be brought to the roots. Also do with ammoniated superphosphate. After digging, nutrients, mixing with the soil, get to the desired level.

The seeds of corn and sunflower should not come into contact with the fertilizer, they perfectly receive nutrients through a small layer of soil. But the seeds of cereals, hemp, flax are mixed with granules before sowing. Usually superphosphate (ammoniated too) is used on all types of soils. But if the soil is very acidic, the use of superphosphates loses its meaning - their dissolution becomes unlikely. Therefore, the soil must first be deacidified. To do this, 200 g of wood ash or 500 g of lime per 1 square meter are introduced into the soil. Superphosphates can be added only after a month.

Different mineral fertilizers are often combined so that their composition complements each other. So, double superphosphate is used in the fall with nitrogen-potash, and in the spring with potash. But superphosphates should never be used together with lime, chalk or urea. Chemical reactions will take place between them, which will turn a very effective fertilizer into a completely useless substance.

It is very important that the plants get sulfur together with phosphorus. Sulfur deficiency is often confused with nitrogen deficiency - they have similar symptoms. And sulfur is very important for the qualitative composition of fruits, it does not increase the yield, but makes the fruits more tasty and healthy, accumulating vitamins and sugars. Fertilizer is non-toxic, it is well stored, does not lose its shape.

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