Urea: applying fertilizer in the garden to control pests

What is urea

Urea or urea is sold in the form of white, sometimes grayish or yellowish, odorless granules no more than 3 mm in size. The granules dissolve easily with water, they are not scattered over the site, but are always embedded in the ground to avoid the loss of volatile substances. The aqueous solution is used for pest control by spraying and foliar dressing. Almost half of the composition of the substance is nitrogen, 46.2%, ammonium sulfate and sodium nitrate contain much less of it.

Urea is considered a universal fertilizer, because it is suitable for all plants, and it can be used on any soil. It is used for all types of dressings: it is placed in the soil just before sowing, added when seedlings are sown or planted, fed during the growing season, and its aqueous solution does not burn the leaves. The composition of urea is capable of slightly acidifying the soil. If the soil is neutral or alkaline, it does not matter, but if the soil is initially acidic, ground limestone is added when fertilizing (800 g - for every 1 kg of carbamide).

When to use

When asked, "When should urea be used?" most gardeners will answer "Always!" Because it can literally breathe life into plants that show slow growth, which have very thin, weak new shoots, the leaves lose their rich green color, and flower buds do not form or immediately fall off. This behavior indicates a lack of nitrogen. An urgent need to take action is to add urea under the root and / or spray the ground part. If the plants respond quickly to feeding, the crop will be saved.

As the main fertilizer, urea is applied to the site in the spring 10-15 days before the start of sowing. It is buried in the soil no deeper than 7-8 cm so that volatile ammonium compounds that are in its composition do not evaporate. If the soil is dry, you need to water it. Autumn fertilization will not give the desired effect by the time of sowing, because the decomposition process begins immediately, until spring nitrogen will not stay at the desired soil horizon, the application of the substance will have to be repeated.

Pre-sowing fertilization is carried out directly at the time of sowing or planting seedlings. The granules can be poured into the wells or grooves prepared for the plants. But it is very important not to allow direct contact of the roots with fertilizers, you must always make an earthen layer between them or mix the granules with the soil in advance.

In greenhouses and in the garden it is good to combine fertilization with watering or even spraying the ground part of the plants with an aqueous solution of urea. The main thing is that the concentration of the solution does not exceed 5%, then it will only benefit, it will not burn even the most delicate leaves of seedlings. This top dressing can be done several times in spring and summer, it will help all crops to grow strong in the garden, flower garden and vegetable garden.

For example, foliar feeding of grapes is carried out 3-6 times during the season. If an excess of nitrogen suddenly occurs, the plants will show this by inhibited early development, by building up excess green mass with large dark green leaves. This threatens to prolong the vegetative period of plants, which may be good for ornamental flowers, but dangerous for fruit crops. The grapes may simply not have time to ripen, will give too watery fruits. When this happens, you need to stop spraying with urea, and watering with clean water will reduce the nitrogen content near the roots and everything will return to normal.

Video "Features of the use of mineral urea"

Video description of the use of mineral fertilizers for plant nutrition and their effect on the soil.

Instructions for use

To use the fertilizer correctly, to get only the benefit from it, you need to follow the instructions. The dosage usually takes into account, in addition to the plant's need for nitrogen, also the characteristics of the soil: structure, moisture. 130-200 g per 10 sq. m is recommended to be applied in the spring as the main soil fertilizer for tomatoes, potatoes, grapes, strawberries, roses. But for cucumbers and peas, it will be enough to add only 5-8 g, otherwise they will wait with their growth, and then explode with luxurious greenery, forgetting to bear fruit. Squashes, zucchini, eggplants are brought in 10-12 g per 1 sq. m.

When you add urea to the holes and grooves at the same time as planting (sowing), then 4 g will be enough for one plant, and do not forget to separate a small layer of soil from the roots. In spring and early summer, dry matter under the roots is applied at the rate of 5-10 g per 1 sq. m. Fruit shrubs, young plums and cherries need 70 g, but apple trees - at least 150 g. Fruiting apple trees need 250 g each, and plums and cherries need 140 g undissolved granules.

Feeding berry bushes and fruit trees, fertilizer is applied to the trunk circles, the diameter of which is determined by the width of the crown. The dry substance is placed in special grooves, covered with soil and watered abundantly. Perennial flowers are watered in spring with a urea solution so that they come out of hibernation more easily and begin to grow. Cabbage, tomatoes, strawberries, grapes are watered and sprayed with an aqueous solution. Houseplants grow well after spraying.

How to make urea solution

For spraying and watering plants, an aqueous solution is prepared. To water cabbage or tomatoes, take 1 liter of water for 1 plant, add 2-3 g of carbamide, stir until completely dissolved. In the spring, until the buds have blossomed, currants are watered with a solution of 20 g per 10 liters of water, and grapes, gooseberries - 10 g per 10 liters of water. After the leaves appear - 10 g per 10 liters of water.

Spraying, they are also called foliar dressing, is usually carried out in the morning or in the evening, in order to exclude direct sunlight, 30-40 g of dry matter is dissolved in 10 liters of water. Spraying grapes and all fruit crops is best done before laying the buds. Urea, like no other fertilizer, is capable of increasing the yield of fruit and the beauty of ornamental crops, but for this it must be used correctly, the solution should be made according to the instructions. An uncontrolled increase in fertilizing can give exactly the opposite result.

Pest control

In the spring, as soon as the temperature reaches 5 degrees, suckers, weevils, and all kinds of aphids begin to wake up. The garden is awakening, buds swell on trees and shrubs. Up to this point, it is necessary to spray the trees with a urea solution in order to protect your garden from pests.

The instruction is simple: in 10 liters of water you need to dissolve 500-700 g of carbamide and process the crowns and trunks of trees with them. In addition, you need to shed last year's foliage with this solution, where most pests winter. If the grapes were insulated with fallen leaves for the winter, they need to be removed, and the ground around them should also be watered with a solution.

Treating with the same solution at the beginning of the leaf fall will help avoid many diseases, for example, scab, purple spot and monilial burn can bypass your garden. In late autumn or early spring, a slightly more concentrated solution (700 g per 10 l of water) is advised to shed fallen leaves. This will help protect against diseases and pests, which are exactly where they found a place for wintering.

Video "Early spring spraying of the garden with urea»

Recommendations for spraying garden trees with urea to combat pests and parasites.