Shrub roses: the best varieties and rules of care

Botanical features

Roses come in different sizes, their heights vary from 25 cm to 3.5 m.The shrubs are distinguished by strong upright shoots that form wide spreading or tall pyramidal bushes, usually flower growers work on their shape, they often use various supports to help plants create decorative compositions. Shoots of different varieties are both very prickly and completely without thorns. Rose bushes consist of skeletal branches (they are called uterine branches) and annual young shoots, the number of which is controlled by humans.

On the shoots there are green, non-paired leaves of different shades, consisting of oval leaves with an edge of varying degrees of indentedness. Flowers with a diameter of 2 to 18 cm grow on a long peduncle (it can be from 10 to 90 cm in height), and they are single or collected in inflorescences, sometimes even 200 pieces. The flowers themselves are striking in their beauty, variety of colors, shapes of petals, many are distinguished by an exquisite or simply pleasant aroma. One flower can consist of five petals or have them up to one and a half hundred, that is, they are simple, semi-double or double. Flower shapes are also different: flat, saucer-like, spherical, cup-shaped, cone-shaped, peony-shaped, and so on.

As for the color of the petals, out of the entire spectrum, roses are not colored only with blue. But there are varieties whose flowers change color or combine 2 - 3 shades.

Modern bush roses, the varieties of which are so different from their progenitor, belong to the Rosehip genus, but are very often obtained by crossing varieties and hybrids that go back to the evergreen Asian subtropical rose. That is why the question of how to cover a bush rose is important, because it has very thermophilic plants in its ancestors.

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Traditional and small-flowered

Our amateur flower growers value spray roses just as much as professional designers. In addition to the undeniable beauty and a huge selection of shapes, colors, aromas, summer residents are attracted by the relative ease of care and durability of these plants. Prolonged flowering from June to September or the re-formation of buds after a while, allow you to choose plants for your garden in such a way that a blooming rose will always reign in it.

Among the white varieties, the English rose "Claire Austin" is popular. Its round, branched bush is 1 m high, the pom-shaped double flower dissolves pale yellow petals, which become creamy white as the flower unfolds, distinct notes of vanilla and meadow grasses are caught in the myrrh aroma. From the same Austin group, a new variety “William and Catherine” appeared: an upright branchy bush grows up to 1.2 m, cup-shaped double white flowers with a calm aroma.It is very important that this variety shows good resistance to leaf diseases.

Terry, globular, white with a green tinge on the outer petals, Artemis flowers are collected in a brush with anise aroma. The branchy bush grows up to 1.3 m tall, is distinguished by lush flowering, rapid growth of shoots.

Modern variety "Summer Memoris" with its double white cupped flowers resemble old roses. Tall, up to 1.5 m, branchy bush pleases with long flowering, resistance to traditional leaf diseases.

From the varieties of the pink palette, the romantic "Sindarella" with its large fragrant double soft pink flowers is used by the well-deserved love of flower growers. Its very long (up to 2 m) rigid branches necessarily require support and good shelter for the winter.

"Meilland", "Fritz Nobis", "Gartentraume" - the flowers of these varieties delight the eye with delicate pink petals, and the sense of smell - pleasant aromas. They grow up to one and a half meters, and "Fritz Nobis" even up to 2 m, its tough shoots are arched to the ground.

The new variety "Flashlight" with pink double flowers and a pleasant aroma has combined the dreams of flower growers - the smell, the charm of delicate petals, frost resistance, indifference to major diseases and rain.

The old proven Flurinskgold variety has been popular for over 70 years. Its golden yellow (and very light towards the end of flowering) non-double flowers bloom in the spring, earlier than all other relatives. After a single flowering, the bush, which has grown up to 2 m wide, remains a decoration of the garden - its long shoots with dark green foliage incline to the ground in arcs, growing up to 2.5 m.

Also from the yellow palette I would like to mention the varieties "Golden Celebration" and "Lady Emma Hamilton". Their bushes are tall and branched, and their flowers are terry, executed in hot yellow tones. Golden Celebration in the south, where there is no need for shelter for the winter, is grown like a climbing rose, its harsh shoots are braided on supports.

A shrub rose, the care of which is facilitated due to frost resistance and resistance to most diseases, this is an excellent ShiningLight. Its shining yellow flowers, collected in a brush, delight with an abundance, and the bushes grow up to 1.3 m.

Dark red flowers "Red Eden Rose" and velvety red "Tornella" delight with a rich color, a large number of petals in a double flower and a pleasant aroma.

Branched bushes with long stiff shoots look very decorative on appropriate supports; in warm mild climates, RedEdenRose is grown like a climbing rose.

Roter Corsair and Tuskani cultivars delight in different shades of dark red, their semi-double cupped flowers abundantly cover the long curving shoots. "Tuscani" blooms only once in the middle of summer, but in popularity it is not inferior to its relatives, blooming all season.

How to use a bush support

Shrub roses are distinguished by tough upright shoots, many of them form compact low bushes that grow well without supports. But among them there are specimens whose shoots grow up to 2.5 m or more. They tend to grow steadily up at first, and then bend, leaning towards the ground. It is much easier to grow them using supports. This will protect the branches weighed down with flowers from injury by wind or rain, make it easier to care for them, and add decorative effect to the bush.

Most often, supports in the form of arches, pergolas, pillars, monuments or trellises are used in gardens. Arches perfectly form the entrance to the territory of the site or highlight a certain area of ​​the garden. To braid pillars, monuments or pyramids with upright shoots, you need to work hard, directing young shoots in the right direction, fixing them on a support. But the result is worth it. Vertical supports are used as an element of the flower garden, in which the solo part is assigned to the rose. Or you can install them along the paths or near the benches - this will create a unique garden decor and the right mood for relaxation.

The trellis, installed near a not very beautiful wall, is able to support the heavy branches of rose bushes and hide behind them everything that the owner of the site does not want to show. First, a support is installed in the selected place, and then roses are planted next to it. This arrangement ensures that the plant roots are not damaged when the support is installed. The trellis can be just a netting or a beautiful wooden ladder painted white. By carefully fixing the growing shoots on it, you can form a bush so that all the flowers will appear only on one side, if there is no one to look at it from the other. Or, on the contrary, even with rigid, upright shoots, you can twine a white wooden net with large cells so that a wonderful wall of dark green foliage with fragrant flowers will look equally great from both sides. By the way, a white tree among dark greenery is a classic element of a regular garden.

Care rules

Shrub roses require quite traditional care. You need to choose a place that is bright, sunny, protected from drafts and the north wind. Although many roses will prefer light partial shade during the hottest part of the day. The soil should be loose and nutritious, slightly acidic. If it is too heavy, then it is worth adding peat and compost to it, digging deep, you can add bone meal, and in case of strong acidification, also dolomite meal.

You can plant a seedling in a permanent place in spring until mid-May or in autumn so that it has time to take root before the arrival of real frosts. It is advisable to buy it in the nursery, if the roots are open, then take a good look: make sure that the roots are alive, not overdried, the shoots are whole and healthy. Before planting, you need to shorten dry roots to a living place, shorten all shoots to a living bud, soak the roots in warm water for several hours.

A hole with a depth of at least 50 cm must be dug in advance, loosen the soil at its bottom, pour the soil mixed with compost and complex mineral fertilizers in a slide so that the roots installed on it are placed at the correct depth. The correct planting depth is to set the root collar (or scion site) approximately 5 cm below ground level.

Then the roots are lowered into the hole, all the roots are spread down the slopes of the soil with fertilizers, the hole is carefully buried, shaking the seedling slightly so that voids do not form. Then the earth is tamped, poured with a bucket of water, mulched. For the first couple of weeks, it is better to shade the bush and gradually accustom it to the sun.

In the fall, the planted plant no longer needs to be pruned before winter. With the onset of cold weather, they simply spud it, raking up 25 cm of earth, then cover it with peat and dry leaves on top. If the winter is expected to be harsh, then a frame is erected over the bush and covered with roofing material or non-woven fabric and film. It is only necessary to close it tightly after lowering the temperature to -10 or -15 degrees, so that the plant does not stifle. In the spring, the planted rose will have time to grow before its first wintering. If she was not allowed to bloom, she was properly looked after, then she was strong enough to winter well. She already needs to carry out the autumn pruning - to shorten the shoots, remove the damaged or disturbing the shape of the bush, and then cover it for the winter in accordance with the requirements of the variety and the expected frosts.

Pruning is carried out in order to form a bush, which is done from the first year, to prevent thickening. Usually pruned in spring, autumn and summer if damaged shoots need to be removed.

Roses are drought-resistant flowers, they should not be allowed to overmoisten the roots. In grafted bushes, the root usually grows deep, they need to be watered rarely, but abundantly. In bushes grown from cuttings, the root system is located under the surface itself, they require more frequent, moderate watering. Watered in the morning or in the evening with warm, settled water so that water does not get on the greens.

All season you need to weed and loosen the ground around the bushes. In the spring and in the first half of summer, they are fed with a solution of slurry (in damp weather, foliar method), special fertilizer complexes for roses. Then the nitrogen fertilization is stopped, and potassium and phosphorus are added. In August, they stop feeding so that the plant has time to prepare for the dormant period.

Diseases and pests

Roses can suffer from fungal diseases (most often they are affected by powdery mildew), from rust and various rot. Excessive dampness provokes most diseases, and a sharp cold snap, an abundance of moisture and a lack of sun can become a trigger. To prevent this from happening, you need to monitor the air permeability of the bush, do not let the branches shade each other. The affected parts of the plant are removed, the bush is treated with special means. "Ridomil Gold", "Fundazol", "Skor", "Baktofit" will help to overcome diseases. And if chlorosis develops (the leaves change color), then you need to do a soil analysis to find out which element the plants lack.

A rose can be threatened by many parasites that will want to drink its juice or devour greens - aphids, ticks, scale insects, sawflies, beetles, caterpillars. There are chemicals available to help get rid of the pests when they appear. But you can carry out the treatment of plants in the spring for the prevention of "Karbofos", "Aktellik", "Rogor" even before the awakening of the buds and in the fall after leaf fall.

Breeding technology

You can propagate varietal roses by dividing the bush, layering, root suckers and cuttings. An adult bush can be divided into parts in early spring or autumn, each of which contains a root and shoots. You need to cut with a sharp pruner or a knife with disinfected blades, treat the cut points with wood ash, and then plant the parts separately and take care of them like seedlings.

The layers are rooted in the spring - the young shoot is instilled into the ground, and the tip is tied up so that it grows up. You can even bare the buried part of the shoot, that is, remove the bark from it. This place needs to be shaded and watered. By the fall, the roots will appear, and next spring, the new plant can be cut off from the mother and transplanted.

Root suckers can be cut off from the bush along with the root and transplanted. Cuttings are specially cut and rooted in one of the common ways. This can be done from the beginning of bud formation until the end of flowering. But most often the cuttings are cut in the fall during the pruning of the bush, they are added dropwise in the cellar until spring, and then they are rooted in the ground. Or rooted at home, and then a small but independent plant is planted in the spring.

In the garden decor

In single plantings, rose gardens and mixed flower beds, the rose can become a real decoration of the garden. Some gardeners select varieties according to flowering times so that all season, replacing each other, roses delight the owners with an endless string of exquisite colors, aromas and flower forms.

Roses are often planted in the middle of lawns and courtyards so that you can admire their perfection from all sides. Or, with their help, they create cozy corners for relaxation.

Roses are a malleable material in the hands of designers. They are used to create green fences and accents on flower beds, for independent group or single plantings. The most interesting thing here is the endless number of options, everyone can try to create their own masterpiece.

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