We plant onions in the spring: timing, technology, care

Landing dates

The planting site has been prepared since the fall, when it is planned to plant onions on the head. The soil is deeply dug up and abundantly fertilized with compost, manure or chicken droppings, at the rate of 1.5-2 buckets of organic matter for each sq. M. 25-35 g of superphosphate and potassium salts are also added to 1 sq. M. When the time comes to plant and sow in the spring, the fertilizer will be evenly distributed in the moist soil. Good, large heads can be harvested from an area where pumpkin, zucchini, peas, tomatoes or potatoes previously grew. If you plant a set in the spring on a site after a carrot, beet, cucumber or garlic, then the heads will develop very slowly and the yield will decrease.

Planting is carried out as soon as stable, warm weather is established and the soil warms up well. Because, if you plant early, in insufficiently warmed soil, below 12-14 ° C, the onion will go to the arrow. As a rule, the time for planting is chosen at the end of April - early May, you need to plant when the earth warms up enough, otherwise the greens will grow more than the turnip. A delay in sowing also negatively affects the yield, since due to high temperatures and a lack of moisture, the bulbs develop much more slowly. Many summer residents with extensive experience are guided by the planting time in the spring at the beginning of the flowering of the bird cherry.

Landing technology

Immediately before planting, well-dug beds are watered with a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate to plant in disinfected soil. In the future, until the end of the harvest, they no longer apply any fertilizers, but only monitor the cleanliness of the planting, timely removing all weeds.

Seed preparation

If the onion is grown on a feather, then it is planted with seeds. For 25-28 days before sowing in the beds, a germination test is carried out - stratification. Then they are transferred to cheesecloth and placed in hot water at 45-55 ° C for 12-16 minutes and immediately immersed in cold water for 1.5-2 minutes, carrying out the so-called hardening. After that, the seed is kept for 22-26 hours in a cloth moistened with warm water, not allowing it to dry out. Then the seeds are soaked for 2-3 days, changing the water daily, and placed on the lower tier of the refrigerator, or in another cool place. At the same time, they swell and get rid of substances inhibiting germination. Before planting, they are mixed with sawdust or sand - this makes it easier to sow evenly small onion seeds, growing them for the sake of greenery.

Sevka preparation

If onion sets are planted on turnips, then the bulbs are sorted out and sorted by size. As a rule, large ones are planted first, then medium and small ones. It should be noted that large bulbs will go to the arrow, while small ones will grow large heads. 3-4 days before planting, the sorted planting material is dried and heated, spreading it in a thin layer at a heat source, no more than 35-42 ° C. Without heating and drying, all the onions will go to the arrows. After that, they are soaked for 8-10 hours in a weak solution of complex fertilizers, 15-20 g per 10 liters of water. Then they are placed in a solution (10-15 g per 10 l) of copper sulfate for the prevention of fungal diseases. Then washed and planted. To obtain a feather, the tip of the bulbs is cut off before planting.

Landing

Both seeds and sets are planted in spring in prepared, well-loosened beds. The seeds are planted according to the scheme with the distance between the beds 12-18 cm, between the onions 1.5-2 cm, and embedded to a depth of 1.8-2 cm, it is not necessary to plant deeper.If the distance between plants is less than 1 cm, you get a good feather, greenery will grow more than a turnip. After that, the soil is watered and mulched with straw, sawdust, or covered with a dark film to prevent it from drying out. The sevok is planted in the beds at a distance of 25-28 cm, between the bulbs 10-12 cm.It does not need to be planted too deep, usually it is planted to a depth of 4.5-5 cm, so that 2.5-3.5 cm of soil is over the shoulders of the bulbs. After that, the beds are watered and mulched.

Onion care

Lack of moisture in spring is especially noticeable on leeks, the feather takes on a bluish, white tint, and the tips dry out and bend. With excess moisture or lack of light, the feather becomes paler and thinner. Therefore, moderate watering is important for a good feather. After planting, in May-June, the beds are watered no more than 1-2 times a week, consuming 7-11 liters of water per 1 square meter.Then, watering is reduced to 1 time in 1.5-2.5 weeks, since the head is ripening bulbs. However, in severe drought, in order to prevent wilting, the number of irrigations is increased, while reducing water consumption. In order for the greens to develop well and the turnip to grow, the bed should always be moderately moist. Regular loosening of the beds, at least once every 2-2.5 weeks, will not only keep the planting clean, but also improve the air-humid regime, preventing the soil from overcompaction. With active growth of greenery, arrows may form - they must be removed immediately.

Onions are harvested from the second or third week of August to September, when the greens wither - the feather has died and the formation of new feathers has stopped, and the heads have acquired a characteristic color and formed. If you delay harvesting, the head will resume growth and the onion will become unusable for storage.

Video "Preparing onion sets for planting"

In the video, a brief overview of some of the onion varieties. The process of preparing onion sets for planting is shown - selection of bulbs, processing, disinfection.