Description and characteristics of the apple variety Papirovka
Content
Main characteristics
The description of the distinctive features of the Papirovka variety should begin with the fact that it is early summer and early-growing. That is, the harvest ripens in the midst of summer, and apple trees begin to bear fruit in the very first years of growth in your garden.
The positive aspects of the variety also include the fact that apples have a pleasant taste and are suitable for various types of processing: baking, conservation, making dried fruits, fresh consumption.
Among the disadvantages that distinguish “White filling” are almost complete unsuitability for transportation, short shelf life and a decrease in yield in old trees.
Appearance
The trees of the Papirovka variety are medium-sized, decorated with a wide pyramidal crown, which gradually becomes rounded over the years. Skeletal branches are covered with light brown bark. Most of the fruits are formed on the ringlets. Shoots are covered with olive-brown bark, very pubescent. Lentils are white, elongated and rare.
The leaves on the skeletal branches are small, oval, grayish green and straight. Their petioles are sparsely colored and of medium length. The buds are pale pink, large, saucer-shaped. They are bizarre, slightly elongated, with raised edges of the petals.
The apples are medium, round, and stand out well against the background of other varieties with wide ribs. The larger the apple, the more expressive and more edge. The rind is green-yellow, without a hint of blush. When the fruit ripens, it becomes covered with a characteristic white bloom. The subcutaneous points are numerous, they are white or light green in color. The core is large in shape and resembles a bulb; the seed chambers are often half-open into the axial cavity. Seeds of irregular shape, angular.
100 g of apple pulp accounts for:
- 9% sugar;
- 1% titrated acids;
- 22 mg of ascorbic acid;
- 209 mg of P-active substances;
- 10% pectin.
Breeding history
The history of the Papirovka variety is in many ways covered with a veil of secrecy. Since it is not possible to establish the exact region and time of occurrence of this species, scientists assume that it appeared by natural pollination in the Baltic States. A detailed study of the variety was carried out by Kedrin, Cherenko and Rytov, however, they could not find out for certain whether “Papirovka” is a separate variety or is it “White filling”. The “apple of discord” in this case is the size and shape of the fruit, which are insignificantly, but still differ between trees of both varieties.
In any case, “White filling” became the parental basis for more than 20 varieties: “Alenushkino”, “Lada”, “Mana”, “Iulskoe Chernenko”, “Lomonosovskoe”, “Papirovka's daughter” and many others.
Region of natural growth
Best of all "White filling" manifests itself when grown in a temperate continental climate with warm, humid summers and mild winters.That is why the natural regions of growth are the Baltic countries. However, with proper care, it can bear fruit in almost any region of Russia, with the exception of the Urals, Eastern Siberia and the Far East.
Due to the low adaptability of the fruits for transportation, an apple tree is grown near cities and industrial centers in order to compensate for the low keeping quality. In southern regions where summers are dry, it is also possible to grow this variety, however, abundant and regular watering will be required to increase yields.
Yield
The yield of the variety "White filling" largely depends on the age of the tree. For example, young trees bear fruit in moderation, but every year, bringing about 15-20 kg of apples per tree. At the peak of fruiting, up to 70 kg of apples can be harvested from one tree, but, most likely, the next year the harvest will be much less.
Fruits ripen by the beginning of August, if the trees grow in the middle lane, and at the end of July, if they grow in the southern regions. At the same time, the early maturity of the variety allows you to get the first harvests already in the 4th year after planting.
Unfortunately, “Papirovka” tends to fall off ripe fruits, which forces gardeners to closely monitor the harvest and harvest it in time. And then you need to quickly implement it, since ripe apples lie in a cool room for a maximum of 2 weeks.
Planting and leaving
If you decide to grow this particular apple variety in your garden, then you will have to try to find the perfect place. Areas with good lighting, without strong winds, preferably near other apple trees, are suitable to contribute to better pollination. There should be at least 4-5 m of free space between the seedlings for the development of the root system.
A week before planting, it is necessary to dig a hole about 90 cm deep, fill it with humus mixed with superphosphate, potassium and the top layer of fertile soil. Immediately before planting, the bottom of the pit must be loosened and moistened. The seedling is lowered into the hole so as not to damage the roots, covered with earth and carefully tamped, and then watered again. It is recommended to tie up the seedlings after planting.
There are three major stages in tree care:
- Spring period. Inspect trees and prune frozen, damaged or dry branches. This is done before the buds appear. It is also necessary to inspect the bark and remove damaged areas. Any damage, both on the branches and on the trunk, must be covered with garden lime.
- Summer period. In the summer, it is very important to water the apple trees regularly to maintain a certain moisture content in the soil. As a prophylaxis, apple trees are sprayed with insecticides and fungicides. Moreover, it is advisable to do this before flowering.
- Autumn period. In the fall, it is necessary to feed the trees, whitewash the trunks and once again treat them with fungicides and insecticides to prepare them for wintering. Young tree trunks can be closed for the winter to prevent rodents from spoiling the bark.
Disease and pest control
Among the diseases to which the Papirovka variety is susceptible are powdery mildew, scab and milky shine. To cope with them, they resort to complex preventive measures - treating the tree with fungicides, as well as folk remedies like soap solution.
If the branches are damaged by a bacterial burn, cytosporosis or black cancer, the damaged areas must be removed, and the sections must be carefully processed with lime.
Among insects, the greatest inconveniences are caused by: green aphid (insecticides are used for treatment and damaged bark is removed), apple flower beetle (the tree is treated with Enterobacterin), leafworm (the tree is treated with Nitrofen).
Video "Early summer varieties of apple trees"
We present to you a report on the early summer varieties of apples grown in the plant nursery.