Apple tree Marat Busurin: high-yielding variety

Description and characteristics of the variety

The apple-tree of the "Marat Busurin" variety belongs to semi-dwarf - its height does not exceed 3 meters. The tree is standard, the crown is neat, of medium density, round in shape. The bark of the apple tree is dark gray, young shoots are lighter in color. The branches are of medium thickness, with multiple annelids, round in cross section, at right angles to the trunk, due to which the crown seems very lush.

Leaves are light green, with a slight yellowish tinge, curved along the central vein. The leaf plate is glossy above, slightly pubescent below, dense, oblong, serrate along the edge. Petioles not long, without stipules. The apple tree blooms with large saucer-shaped flowers of white with a pinkish tinge.

The fruits of the “Marat Busurin” variety cannot be called very large, but they are larger than average - the weight of one apple varies from 100 to 250 g. The fruits are round, slightly flattened, with slight ribbing in shape. The surface is smooth, glossy, covered with a light bluish bloom. In removable maturity, the skin color is greenish-yellow with blurred violet-red stripes covering more than half of the fruit. During storage, the main color of the apples becomes marble-white, and the red stripes become more intense.

As already mentioned, the variety is famous for its excellent taste and delicate apple aroma, something similar to Antonovka. The pulp is snow-white, very juicy, sweet and sour dessert taste. Apples are suitable both for fresh consumption and for preparing desserts and preparations. Thanks to their thin but very dense peel, they are well transported and stored for a long time.

The variety is considered autumnal. Harvesting occurs in late August - early September, but apples can be stored in a cool place until winter.

The yield of the variety is high. Fruiting of a young apple tree begins from the 4th year of life, and literally in a couple of years it reaches a fairly high level. One adult tree can be harvested 100–120 kg of apples, despite the fact that the apple tree itself is not large in size. Also, the advantages of the variety include regular annual fruiting and relatively high winter hardiness.

Breeding history

The apple variety "Marat Busurin" was bred in 1982 by VV Kichina, an employee of VSTISP. by crossing the well-known variety "Autumn Joy" with the American donor sample SR0523. Despite more than twenty years of history, this variety is considered new in horticulture, because it was entered into the State Register only in 2001.

To date, the variety is zoned and widespread in the Moscow region, since it was originally intended for this region. However, according to experts, these apple trees are considered promising not only in the central zone of the country, but also in the regions located north of Moscow.

Growing features

As the description shows, apple trees of the “Marat Busurin” variety are semi-dwarf, which means that planting and further care of this variety is somewhat easier than for ordinary tall apple trees: it is more convenient to plant, spray, form a crown, and harvest.

As for planting seedlings, here it is necessary to take into account some points:

• the landing site should be as sunny and protected from the wind as possible;
• the soil for the apple tree needs fertile and loose - it grows best in black soil fertilized with organic matter (peat, humus);
• groundwater should be no higher than 1.5 m from the surface, since it is this depth that the root system of an adult apple tree reaches;
• the planting pit for the seedling should be approximately 60x70 cm, and at least 0.5 m deep;
• from fertilizers, humus, peat (0.5 buckets each), ash 700 g (ash can be replaced with potassium salt or potassium chloride in an amount of 300 g) are placed on the bottom of the pit.

Otherwise, planting is carried out according to the standard scheme, only for apple trees of this variety, it is necessary to drive a long peg into the center of the pit, to which the seedling will be tied.

Caring for apple trees consists in forming a crown, feeding, loosening the peri-stem circles. Young trees are fed with complex mineral mixtures for 2-3 years after planting. In autumn, peat and compost can be added to the tree trunks - these materials will serve as both fertilizer and mulch, which warms the roots in winter. In the first year of life, the tree needs to be watered, especially in extreme heat. Watering is carried out once a week in the amount of 1-2 buckets per tree.

The crown of the apple tree must be regularly formed in order to help the branches to properly spend their strength. Pruning of branches is carried out in the spring, before the buds appear. An annual seedling is pruned to a height of 40-50 cm. In the following years, only branches located at an acute angle, diseased and damaged, are pruned.

In the first 2 years, it is advisable to prevent the flowering of the tree, since in this case all the forces of the plant will be directed to the formation of fruits.

Disease and pest control

Like all apple trees, the Marat Busurin variety is often invaded by harmful insects, which not only spoil the appearance of the tree, but also destroy the fruits, thereby reducing the yield. From time to time, such insects as moths, sawflies, apple blossom beetles can appear on apple trees, but the most formidable enemies of this variety are apple moth and green aphid.

Aphids are the worst pest of the apple tree. It reproduces at an insane rate: one column of these microscopic insects can spread to most of the tree in just a few days. Having settled on leaves and green shoots, aphids suck out juices from them, which leads to damage and foliage falling off.

To protect the tree from the pest, prophylactic treatment of the apple tree with Bordeaux mixture, copper or iron vitriol during the budding period is recommended. Such treatment helps not only prevent the appearance of aphids, but saves from fungal diseases. If there are a lot of insects, insecticides are used (Nitrofen, Karbofos). From folk remedies, solutions of ash or tobacco are used for spraying.

The apple moth is no less dangerous than aphids, and the greatest danger to the apple tree is not adult insects, but caterpillars that eat leaves during the flowering period. The larvae of moths overwinter in the bark of a tree, and with the onset of heat they pupate and begin to destroy the apple tree. To combat moths, insecticides are used (Chlorophos, Karbofos). Preventive treatment is carried out before leafing out and after flowering.

As for diseases, the apple trees of this variety are considered quite resistant to the fungus (scab, powdery mildew), however, in a rainy summer, the tree can get sick. To prevent this from happening, treat the apple tree in early spring and autumn with Bordeaux liquid, and burn the fallen dry leaves.Remember that diseases are easier to prevent than to get rid of later.

Video "Early spring spraying of the garden"

This video is about how to protect the garden from pests and diseases with one early spraying, as well as fertilize.