Features of growing an apple-tree variety Belorusskoe Sladkoe
Content
Description of the variety
The variety “Belarusian Sweet” was created by breeders from the Belarusian Research Institute of Fruit Growing Grakovich, Evdokimenko, Kovalenko and Marudo.
Medium-sized apple trees grow quite quickly - by the 8th year of living in the garden, they reach up to 3 meters in height. The crown is not particularly dense, round in shape, somewhat conical and slightly drooping. This shape makes it easier to care for the tree, as well as harvest.
The apples of the “Belarusian Sweet” variety are usually medium or large in size, weighing from 140 to 200 grams. They are round, smooth, very pretty, so they will become a decoration not only for a tree, but also for your dining table. The peel of apples is green-yellow in color, turns yellow when ripe. However, yellowness rarely shows through a solid red blush. The pulp of the “Belorusskoye Sweet” variety is white, not very dense, but at the same time extremely tender. The taste is sweet, without sourness, the aroma is weak, but stable.
For 100 grams of apple pulp, there are:
- 12% dry matter;
- 9.5% sugar;
- 0.2% titrated acids;
- 11 mg of ascorbic acid;
- 1113 mg of P-active substances.
The apple trees of this variety ripen in mid-November, but sometimes ripening occurs earlier, around mid-late October.
Characteristic
“Belorusskoe Sweet” exhibits high frost resistance, surviving temperatures down to -36 ° C without critical losses. This is combined with high productivity and early maturity. Already for the 5th year of growth, an apple tree gives up to 35 kilograms of apples from one tree. It should also be noted that the variety is highly immune to scab, which allows it to be grown without fear for the size and quality of the crop.
A big plus of the variety is that when ripe, apples do not fall off the branches. However, if you overexpose them on a tree, then their shelf life is significantly reduced. So, with timely removal, they can be stored until February, with late - only until mid-December.
Curiously, using clonal rootstocks (eg 54-118 or 5-25-3) can speed up fruiting. If an unvaccinated tree bears fruit for 2-3 years of life, then with a clonal stock it yields already in the first year of growth. Considering that the variety bears fruit every year at the same level, this is a good way to get tasty apples without a long wait.
Planting and leaving
Having dealt with the advantages and distinctive characteristics of the Belorusskoye Sweet variety, you can begin to describe the planting of seedlings.
It is best to choose a place that is well lit, without strong winds (this contributes to better rooting and growth of the seedling at first). It is desirable that the groundwater does not lie too close to the surface, since excess moisture harms the root system of the apple tree.
The preparation of the planting holes should be done in about a week and a half, so that the soil on the walls dries out a little. The depth of the hole should be at least 60 centimeters, and the width is about 1 meter, however, it varies depending on the development of the roots of the seedling. The bottom of the pit must be loosened and mixed with walnut shells and wood ash.It is recommended to add humus and superphosphate to create an additional “cushion” of nutrients, but in this case it is necessary to sprinkle humus with ordinary earth so that the roots of the seedling do not get burned. Before planting, the roots of the seedling are straightened and then placed in a hole. The pit is covered with earth, from time to time, carefully tamping it. At the end of the procedure, water the well abundantly. Watering is repeated a week later, adding at least 30 liters of water under each tree.
Remember that the root collar should be 5-7 centimeters above ground level.
It is recommended to tie the seedling to the supporting pegs to give more stability. The distance between trees should be at least 4 meters so that they do not interfere with each other's development.
Scheme of planting an apple seedling
Apple trees of this variety, in fact, do not require any special care, different from the care of any other variety. First of all, the description of wellness procedures and care concerns watering. In a moderately hot summer, 1 watering per month is enough, while pouring water into the trunk circle is necessary until the moisture is absorbed. If the summer is dry, watering should be increased up to 2 times a month, approximately every 2 weeks.
In the spring, before the buds bloom, and in the fall, after the harvest, the apple trees must be pruned. Despite the fact that the variety is scab resistant, with insufficient tree trunk and crown care, you can create a favorable environment for the development of other fungal diseases. Therefore, it is important to remove old, dead or damaged branches as well as old bark. In the spring, it is necessary to whitewash the trunks with garden lime, it is also necessary to process the cuts on the branches with it.
In the early years, given the early maturity of the variety, it is necessary to thin out the fruits and ovaries in order to improve fruiting in subsequent years and not to deplete the tree in the early stages of growth. Once the ovaries have formed, the central fruit must be removed.
In order for the variety to show itself in all its glory, we must not forget about feeding. Trees respond well to organic fertilizers (slurry, chicken droppings). You can combine top dressing with watering - in this case, you need to dilute the slurry 1:10, and chicken droppings 1:30. In the spring, trees of this variety will be delighted with the introduction of urea. You will need 1 tablespoon of the product diluted in 1 bucket of water. On the eve of flowering, it is recommended to add 120 grams of superphosphate and 40 grams of potassium chloride to support the tree. In the fall, after the harvest is harvested, it is necessary to add 8 kilograms of compost, 75 grams of superphosphate, 24 grams of potassium chloride and 18 grams of urea under each tree to increase the tree's immunity and prepare it for hibernation.
Despite the fact that the variety shows high winter hardiness, it will be useful to mulch the trunk circle on the eve of the first frost, as well as wrap the trunks with protective material to protect them from rodents and hares.
Disease and pest control
As already noted, the variety is well resistant to scab, but this does not mean that it is not necessary to carry out preventive treatments with special preparations. By increasing the immunity of the tree, you only strengthen it. So, for the complex prevention of diseases caused by fungal spores, in the spring it is necessary to spray trees with fungicides of complex action, such as "Fitosporin", "Topaz".
To prevent the development of colonies of harmful insects, you can use a corrugated paper trap hoop. It is also recommended to treat trees and soil around trees with insecticides such as "Karbofos" or preparations "Ecoberin", "Zircon".
Video "Apple variety" Belarusian Sweet "
We offer you to watch a small overview of the apple-tree variety "Belarusian Sweet".