Description of the apple-tree variety Chudnoe

Appearance

A dwarf apple-tree of the "Chudnoe" variety grows up to one and a half meters in height, and on a vigorous rootstock - up to two meters. Its spreading crown tends to the ground, dark green branches are ready to creep along the floor, especially when weighed down with large fruits.

Apples of this variety grow up to 200 g, the average weight is around 140 g. They are round, slightly flattened, yellow-green in color, on the sunny side a blush often appears in the form of red shading. Sometimes ribbing appears on the apples, and dots are slightly visible under the thin skin. All descriptions of the variety note the dessert taste of the fruit: sweet, with a noticeable sourness and a very pleasant aftertaste. The juicy fine-grained pulp is usually liked by everyone who has tasted Chudnoye apples.

With today's variety of varieties, it is difficult to surprise with something new, but those who have already planted this variety on their site praise it for its compactness, good yield, winter hardiness and pickiness. Dwarf trees are gaining popularity due to their small size - they are easier to care for and harvest more conveniently compared to four-meter tall trees.

Breeding history

We are so accustomed to old varieties of apples that we forget about how much breeding work is carried out all the time. A perfect reminder of this was the new variety, which was bred by the Chelyabinsk Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable and Potato Growing. Scientists set a goal to create a frost-resistant variety, whose fruits will have time to ripen during the short summer, because not everywhere trees can afford ripening until September or October.

The breeder A.M. Mazunin: he crossed the hybrid Uralskoe Severnoe x 11-20-12 and the old German variety Eliza Ratke, long known for its delicious apples. The result was the late summer ripening variety "Chudnoe", which can be cultivated in all climatic zones of Russia.

Apple trees of this variety are natural dwarfs that can also be grafted onto a vigorous stock. They are not afraid of cold winters - they do not need to be covered in any way before the onset of cold weather. The trees themselves are not afraid of even cold winds, so they can be planted in an open area so that they can get maximum sunlight and heat during the growing season.

Video "Apple tree of the" Chudnoe "variety

We present you an overview of the Chudnoye apple tree, which belongs to Mazunin's dwarfs.

Growing features

The picky variety "Chudnoe" can grow on any soil, the main thing is not to neglect watering. But, if we want to get maximum pleasure from growing and rich yields annually, and so that apples grow up to 200 g in weight, then we need to create the most comfortable conditions.

Apple trees of this variety like to grow on light and nutritious soils, preferably not acidified. Sandy loam or loamy soil, regular watering - these requirements are inherent in almost all varieties of apples.

What distinguishes the Chudnoe apple tree from other varieties? So this is the absence of fear of stagnant water. They can be planted where groundwater comes close to the surface and watered weekly.

The only reason trees can get in the way of the wind is because it can dry out the topsoil.

The root system of dwarf apple trees is located in the upper fertile ground level, it reaches a depth of 80 or up to 120 centimeters. It is to this depth that moisture must penetrate to feed the roots. Insufficient watering is perhaps the only factor that can provoke shedding of ovaries in apple trees of this variety. A strong wind dries up the topsoil very quickly, which can deprive trees of the necessary moisture. And the snow does not lie in open spaces, which is not very good for the roots in cold winters. This explains the desire of gardeners to still protect trees from the wind.

Yield

“Wonderful” refers to those wonderful apple trees that begin to bear fruit very quickly. Already in the third year after planting, quite a few apples often ripen, and after that, the yield increases annually until it reaches its peak. Usually, an adult tree produces at least 80 kg of apples. It is good if such varieties as "Bratchud" or "Land" grow nearby, they are the best pollinators for this domestic dwarf.

All descriptions of the variety emphasize that outwardly the apples are very reminiscent of the fruits of the German variety "Eliza Ratke", which is the parent. They look very appetizing: light green large apples, ripening, are gaining more and more yellowness, from the sunny side they are covered with a delicate shading of light red blush, darkish dots are slightly translucent through the skin. Juicy, sweet, with a noticeable sourness, the fruits are very tasty fresh. Their delicate, fine-grained pulp does not undergo changes during the month if apples are stored at a low temperature, for example, in a cellar. For apples of summer ripening, this is a great advantage - they will remain until the end of September, without losing their taste and nutritional qualities.

Fruits contain more than 10% sugar, 0.3% acids, more than 18 mg (for every 100 g of weight) vitamin C, about one and a half percent of pectin. In addition to fresh consumption (the benefits of which can hardly be overestimated), apples are often used to prepare delicious desserts; wonderful jams, mousses, jellies, marmalades, preserves and compotes are prepared from them. Delicate aroma and interesting pleasant aftertaste are also preserved in the wine made from Chudnoye apples.

Planting and leaving

You can plant an apple tree on a site in the fall, until mid-October, or in the spring, but no later than mid-April (if the ground has already thawed).

If the soil is heavier than necessary, it is prepared in advance - the top layer is dug up (to the depth of the shovel), while adding sand or peat. You can add compost or humus right away. If the soil is too acidic, then it is worth adding lime for digging.

Pits are placed no more than 3 meters away (if you need to plant several dwarf trees at once). Dig a hole 50 centimeters deep, up to 70 centimeters in diameter. A large bucket of water is poured into the pit, the removed soil is mixed with compost and rotted manure, then poured onto the bottom with a slide. A seedling is installed on this hill, the roots are straightened if necessary, the rest of the earth is covered and tamped. Then the tree is again watered with a bucket of water, a hole is made with sides so that the water does not spread around. The vaccination site should be 2 centimeters above the ground.

When choosing a seedling, you need to pay attention to the condition of the roots (in dwarf varieties, the root system is shorter and branched in comparison with the core system in vigorous trees). They must be fresh and not dry (it is advisable to wrap them in a wet cloth during transportation). There should be living buds at the ends of the branches.The seedling does not react well to temperature changes, so it should be planted as soon as possible.

After planting, the tree is watered weekly, and after watering, the soil in the near-trunk circle is loosened. In no case should the soil dry out or harden, it should be moist, but let air through to the roots - for this, it is loosened every time after watering. Twice a season, it is advisable to feed the trees: add chicken droppings (twenty times diluted) or ten times diluted slurry with watering. After a couple of years (even before fruiting), you need to apply mineral fertilizers - nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in reasonable amounts (no more than 30 g).

In the first year after planting, the tree is pruned in order to form a crown, then pruning is done to an adult tree, old, damaged or improperly growing (towards the center of the crown) branches are removed.

Before the onset of winter, no special events need to be carried out, just water the apple tree abundantly and that's it.

Disease and pest control

The "Chudnoe" variety is remarkable in that it is resistant to such a frequent disease of apple trees as scab.

However, pests are very annoying trees. Much harm is caused by aphids that suck out juices, as well as caterpillars and beetles that eat buds, leaves, buds, ovaries. Bark beetles and scale insects can bring a tree to death, it is difficult to fight with them, because they live deep in the bark.

All kinds of insects that eat foliage and other visible parts of the tree are collected mechanically and destroyed. From the invasion of pests, the tree is treated with urea or copper sulfate. Aphids can be overcome by washing it off with a decoction of tobacco, garlic, nettle, mixed with a soapy solution.

Twice a year, the trees are whitened with the addition of lime, this helps to protect the bark from pests. When fighting a bark beetle - with a syringe, insecticides are injected directly into its burrows.

To reduce the likelihood of pests, and therefore diseases, you need to keep the trunk circle in order, prevent the accumulation of plant residues there, dig up or even change the top layer of soil in spring and autumn. The tree must be carefully examined in order to notice the first appearance of pests, for preventive purposes, spray it with Bordeaux liquid, copper or iron sulfate. A low tree can be carefully examined and treated with a liquid preparation if necessary.

Rodents can also organize trouble for the apple tree, but special scarers or poisonous baits will protect them from them.

Subject to normal sanitary standards, pests will not be able to do much harm. An unpretentious frost-resistant apple tree will grow well and abundantly present the owners with tasty and healthy fruits.

Video "Dwarf Apple Trees"

This video is about dwarf low-growing apple trees, their advantages, varieties and cultivation features.

Comments:

Elena Semyonovna What an interesting variety, I have never seen such a thing! It would be great to plant an apple tree.

Olympics I read about him, but in real life none of my acquaintances have planted it yet - it is very interesting, but the description is too good, probably the seedlings are expensive.

Ivanov This is a new variety that has not yet been promoted as it should, maybe not expensive.

ANNA Of course, it's good, then the scab does not get sick, which ripens in the summer, but keeping it only until the end of September is not much. If 8 kg is born, what to do with them? I would like to leave it for the winter, but here I should rather eat it.