How to successfully grow a pear Conference at their summer cottage

History of breeding pear varieties Conference

When the British get down to business, a thorough approach can be guaranteed. This is confirmed by the variety with excellent characteristics, which was bred back in 1885. The crop is believed to have resulted from the uncontrolled, free pollination of the Leon Leclerc de Laval cultivar by a wild variety. For 10 years, scientists have researched and evaluated the variety, and only after that it was presented to the general public. The variety does not need special care and is highly profitable. However, it will not be possible to cultivate the variety in all regions.

Video "How to plant a pear correctly"

From this video you will learn about the rules for planting pears in the garden.

Distribution area

The unexpected result was so good that within a decade, culture began a triumphant conquest of Europe, from where the tree came to America and even China. The variety has adapted perfectly in Moldova and Ukraine. On the territory of Russia, the most favorable regions for growing are the southern regions, from where they are brought to places with a more severe climate.

There are cases of growing the Conference in the Moscow region, some are quite successful, but there are very few of them. For optimal development of the tree and obtaining the result, it will be necessary to create additional adequate microconditions.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, the pear was registered in 2014 and recommended for cultivation in the North Caucasus region.

Characteristics of the variety

The description of the tree itself differs little from the description of other pear trees. It is a tall, vigorous tree, about 5 m high, with a wide-pyramidal well-leafy crown. The shoots are smooth and flexible, the leaf plates are deep green in color, medium in size.

Fruiting and ripening terms

The variety begins to bear fruit no earlier than 4 years after planting in a permanent growing place. Under favorable growing conditions, it bears fruit generously and regularly. The flowering period begins in early May and lasts a long period of time. A high degree of self-pollination, more than 70% of flowers have ovaries. Fruits ripen in late September or early October.

The fruit never fully ripens on the branch, even under optimally warm conditions. Therefore, pears are harvested and stored in a well-ventilated, warm place..

Productivity and application

Even young trees yield from 30 kg. The yield indicator increases with age and can reach more than 70 kg. The appearance of pears is rather unsightly. But due to its taste characteristics, the variety has a table purpose.A high degree of transportability and the possibility of long-term storage make it possible to eat fresh pears even at the beginning of spring. They are also great for making jams and preserves.

Taste and aroma

Behind the thick, tough skin lies an attractive yellowish-pink oily flesh that is juicy and delicate in texture. Sweet, with a hint of pleasant sourness, the pulp is very tender and literally melts in your mouth. Also, the fruits have a persistent pleasant aroma. The taste is rated very highly by professional tasters - 4.9 points.

Winter hardiness

The conference is not distinguished by a high degree of winter hardiness and does not tolerate winters even in central Russia. Therefore, the recommended place of cultivation is the Krasnodar Territory and the North Caucasus.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

When purchasing a tree, it is imperative to take into account not only the pluses, but also the minuses of the variety, which can be very significant.

Agrotechnics pear varieties Conference

Since the crop is grown in warm regions, both spring and autumn can be an acceptable time for planting. However, when planting in autumn, it is necessary to additionally cover the tree for the winter.

Site and soil selection

For cultivation, a sunny place that is well ventilated, but protected from strong gusts of wind and drafts, is optimal. The most suitable type of soil is loose fertile loam or black soil.

The depth of the groundwater should be at least 2 m, and the acidity should be in the range of 5–6.5 pH.

Landing scheme and rules

For tall trees, the optimal distance is 5.5 or 6 m, for undersized trees, from 3 to 4 m will be sufficient. The trellis method of growing involves a distance of about 2.5 m with row spacing of 3.5 m. If necessary, the distance can be reduced by half a meter.

The size of the pit depends on the type of soil: sandy soils - 1 m in diameter and in depth, loams and chernozem - 80 cm.Fertile soil consists of the following components necessary for making: peat, humus, chernozem, sand, a small amount of superphosphate (up to 400 g ) and potassium chloride (200 g), which can be replaced with a few liters of wood ash.

The planting process is similar to planting any other fruit tree.

Subtleties of care

Conferences need regular and abundant watering - lack of moisture directly affects the quality of the fruit. In a drought, the tree may shed some or even all of its fruit. The need for a tree for watering can be determined simply: take a little earth, squeeze it in a fist and throw it from a low height - if the lump falls apart, then water it.

Also, the tree needs annual feeding, which they begin to make for seedlings already from 3 years of cultivation. In the spring, the pear is fed with ammonium nitrate, urea or nitroammophos. Organic matter is also added. During flowering, spraying with boric acid solution is recommended. Potassium complexes are introduced in summer, and superphosphate time in autumn.

Pruning methods

The rapid growth of the tree makes the pruning procedure one of the most important maintenance activities.Young shoots grow in huge numbers, while thickening the crown and limiting the access of light and air.

Formation of a tall pear

For the formation of tall trees, the sparse-tiered crown shape is optimal. It assumes the annual formation of 2–3 tiers of 6–8 skeletal branches over a period of 5 years.

Undersized pear formation

The optimal crown shape for short trees is a regular bowl. The term of formation is similar to tall trees, but at the same time skeletal branches growing to the sides (3-4) are left and branch them 1-2 times. The rest of the shoots are cut out.

Formation on a trellis in the form of a palmette

Skeletal branches are cut so that only those in the same plane remain. The number can vary from 8 to 12. For the lower branches, the slope level should be in the range of 45–55 °, and the upper ones - from 60 to 80 °. The central conductor is cut off annually, it should be 70 cm higher than the base of the upper branch. Excess branches are cut out.

Sanitary and maintenance trim

Sanitary pruning is carried out in the spring, before the start of active sap flow. Incorrectly growing, damaged and dry shoots are removed. Supportive pruning is carried out in the summer; it consists in a small pruning (up to 10 cm) of actively growing young shoots.

Major diseases

According to gardeners, most often the Conference suffers from scab, rust, moniliosis and soot fungus. Diseases can be prevented and treated with the help of copper-containing preparations and fungicides.

Only preventive measures are effective against pests, because the appearance of a flower beetle or caterpillars eating fruits can be noticed too late.

The conference is one more proof that the appearance is deceiving and a real treasure is hidden behind the unpresentable appearance of the fruit. Therefore, if you live in regions with a warm climate, be sure to pay attention to this variety.