Pear Bergamot - description of varieties with photos

The pear, together with the apricot and the apple, forms the "triad" of our gardens, as the most common fruit trees. This tree has a lot of varieties of the most diverse in their characteristics. One of the most popular varieties is the Bergamot pear. He has a lot of variety. We will consider the main subspecies of this pear in this article.

Description of pear bergamot

Pear Bergamot means a modular variety that includes trees that bear flat (flattened) and rounded fruits.

This variety was very widespread in the USSR, and it had a territorial reference: in the western regions of the country, Polish Bergamot was grown (it does not tolerate transportation), in the central regions - Red Bergamot (has increased resistance to climatic changes), in the southern and southwestern regions - Autumn Bergamot or Maslinovka.

This pear was bred in the city of Bergamo. It includes a large number of species: Autumn, Summer Red, Muscat, Volzhsky and many others.

The pear variety Bergamot is quite widespread: it is grown throughout Europe, Russia and China. Most of all, it became widespread in Italy, Spain and France.

This group of fruit trees has both cold-resistant varieties (more common in Russia) and southern (more common in the vastness of Europe). The latter have sweeter and juicier fruits.

Fruiting is annual, and the yield is quite high. A distinctive feature, in addition to the flattened spherical shape and small size, is the high content of arbutin and glorogenic acid in the fruits. Due to the presence of these substances, pears are very useful, especially for people who have diseases of the genitourinary system, since they have a positive effect on the functioning of the liver, gallbladder, and also contribute to the excretion of bile, toxins and salts.

Fruits ripen in autumn, and they are stored for only about two months. How they look can be seen in this photo.

This variety is very demanding on soil moisture, so such trees need to be watered a lot and often.

Video "Variety of pear varieties"

In this video you can familiarize yourself with the main characteristics of various types of pears, including ours.

Let us consider in more detail some subspecies of the Bergamot pear variety.

Bergamot Moscow variety

Bergamot Moskovsky is a medium-sized tree with a compact crown, which is characterized by medium foliage. Fruit formation occurs on spears and ringlets of different ages. The color of the shoots can be from light brown to brown.

The leaves are oblong and oval with jagged edges. They are attached to a short stem. Lentils are large and elongated.

The tree bears fruit for 4 years. A long flowering period is characteristic. The fruits are ribbed and rather large (up to 150 g). Their color is yellow-green with a slight red or reddish-brown blush. The pulp of the pear is juicy and firm. They have a sweet and sour taste. Harvesting is carried out in early September. The average yield per tree is about 20 kg.

This fruit tree has increased frost resistance and resistance to scab, brown spot and fruit rot.

Self-fertility is characteristic, but pearl pollination is used to increase yields Marble, Cosmic and Naryadnaya Efimova.

The disadvantages of the variety include a short storage period for fruits and a change in their taste characteristics (they become tart and sour) in dry years.

Autumn bergamot variety

It is the most popular. Bergamot Autumn is a medium-sized tree with a sparse reverse-pyramidal crown. Its shoots are greenish and rather thick with slightly drooping ends.

Fruiting occurs in 7-9 years after planting. The size of the fruits is medium, and their color is dark green with a brown or brick blush. Their mass does not exceed 80 g. The pulp of pears is granular and white. They taste wine-sweet and have a pleasant aroma. They ripen in early autumn and are stored for up to 20 days.

The leaves are oblong and ovate, as well as short-pointed and whole-edged.

The life span of the tree is very long, and the variety itself is unpretentious to various climatic conditions. Not resistant to disease, especially scab. In this regard, it has a low yield. Typical average frost resistance.

The pear is self-fertile, but the varieties Tonkovotka and Bessemyanka can be used as pollinators.

This variety is most widespread in Lithuania, Latvia and Russia.

Disadvantages: low resistance to diseases, freeze under severe frosts, mediocre taste.

Bergamot variety

The origin of this variety is unknown. Found mainly in old gardens. It can grow up to 8 m in height, and the crown can reach 12 m in diameter. It is dense and wide-spherical with thick branches. The stamp of the tree is quite thick.

The leaf is elongated, thick and of medium size. Its edge is jagged.

It begins to bloom early, the flowers are medium in size. The trees are distinguished by high yields, which are retained even by old pears (at the age of 60). Weight of one pear - up to 100 g. Fruit color is yellow-green, with a dull blush. During the season, it can give up to 300 kg of harvest, and in lean years - up to 50 kg. The pulp is creamy and juicy, the taste is pleasant. Fruit ripening occurs at the end of July. Stored for no more than five days. The fruits are used both fresh and for making jams and preserves.

This variety has sufficient winter hardiness. Even during very harsh winters, no signs of freezing were observed. It is also characterized by high resistance to various diseases. But the fruit suffers greatly from wasps. They often eat them away. You can fertilize with the variety Bere Ardanpon. The downside is the rapid overripening of the fruit.

Knowing the above characteristics of the different varieties of Bergamot pears will allow you to determine the most suitable species for your garden.